State custody rates by race/ethnicity, 2010

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Working for Youth Justice and Safety

Printer-friendly

Custody Data (1997-Present)

Q:	How do custody rates vary by race?
A:	For every 100,000 non-Hispanic black juveniles living in the U.S., 606 were in a residential placement facility on February 24, 2010 - for Hispanics the rate was 229, and for non-Hispanic whites it was 128.

State of offense	Custody rate (per 100,000)
State of offense	Total	White	Minority	Black	Hispanic	American Indian¹	Asian¹

U.S. total	225	128	355	606	229	368	47

Alabama	212	131	344	392	105	*0	*0
Alaska	342	228	505	649	*0	648	182
Arizona	152	114	183	334	166	245	*30
Arkansas	230	142	418	534	233	*102	*62
California	271	115	340	984	316	208	58

Colorado	287	204	422	1,202	297	585	70
Connecticut	109	31	256	424	173	*336	*0
Delaware	270	89	517	703	177	*0	*0
District of Columbia	428	*172	464	501	281	*0	*0
Florida	261	202	316	650	76	*51	47

Georgia	220	76	365	461	124	*0	*19
Hawaii	90	48	103	*84	153	*0	35
Idaho	258	240	330	*257	305	768	*110
Illinois	178	106	268	476	116	688	*17
Indiana	276	207	514	717	170	*137	*51

Iowa	227	165	580	864	309	1,499	*95
Kansas	264	172	515	1,040	310	*225	*36
Kentucky	186	135	474	577	180	*0	*0
Louisiana	239	96	412	472	*34	*0	*0
Maine	142	131	291	446	*229	*243	*0

Maryland	143	47	241	321	79	*0	*9
Massachusetts	115	54	274	403	267	*0	39
Michigan	208	105	472	625	147	251	*23
Minnesota	159	85	429	673	158	1,196	96
Mississippi	105	38	175	189	*33	*0	*0

Missouri	214	140	465	586	168	*89	*29
Montana	191	131	508	*581	*194	639	*0
Nebraska	378	217	903	1,716	433	1,185	*224
Nevada	244	155	312	723	225	551	81
New Hampshire	97	84	227	*389	240	*0	*104

New Jersey	123	26	244	538	112	*0	*4
New Mexico	250	159	287	652	288	191	*101
New York	179	77	299	538	169	*91	14
North Carolina	112	60	187	249	64	105	*15
North Dakota	258	178	760	*452	*0	1,026	*0

Ohio	227	128	575	712	109	*88	*28
Oklahoma	157	90	266	576	139	163	*37
Oregon	319	274	434	1,214	360	565	80
Pennsylvania	316	111	910	1,316	396	*116	88
Rhode Island	235	123	483	961	269	*0	355

South Carolina	235	128	387	450	73	*157	*0
South Dakota	575	317	1,544	2,109	1,076	1,593	*281
Tennessee	117	64	246	293	73	*154	*55
Texas	204	123	250	529	192	*94	16
Utah	191	154	323	666	306	513	132

Vermont	53	31	369	*0	931	*0	*0
Virginia	224	112	399	583	126	*0	*12
Washington	183	137	279	625	203	464	61
West Virginia	316	254	1,110	1,173	516	*0	*236
Wisconsin	209	109	547	1,062	105	378	160
Wyoming	440	402	647	*1,103	596	644	*0

¹American Indian includes Alaskan Natives; Asian includes Pacific Islanders.
* Rate based on fewer than 10 observations.

Notes: The custody rate is the number of juvenile offenders in residential placement on February 24, 2010 per 100,000 juveniles age 10 through the upper age of original juvenile court jurisdiction in each State. U.S. total includes 2,658 youth in private facilities for whom State of offense was not reported. Tribal facilities are not included in the U.S. total. Minorities include blacks, Hispanics, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and those identified as "other race."

To preserve the privacy of the juvenile residents, cell counts have been rounded to the nearest multiple of three. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Rates are based on rounded totals. More information on this rounding rule is available on the EZACJRP Web site.

[ Map of minority to nonminority ratio ] [ Excel file ]

In all but 8 states, the custody rate for black juvenile offenders exceeded the rate for other race/ethnicity groups.
Nationally, the ratio of the custody rate for minorities to that for whites was 2.8 to 1.
In 32 states, the ratio between the minority-to-white custody rate was above the national average. In 18 states, the minority-to-white custody rate was more than 4 to 1.
In Arizona, Florida, Idaho, New Mexico, Oregon, and Wyoming the ratio was less than 2 to 1.

Internet citation: OJJDP Statistical Briefing Book. Online. Available: http://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/corrections/qa08203.asp?qaDate=2010. Released on December 09, 2011.

Data Source: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement 2010 [machine-readable data files]. Washington, D.C.: OJJDP.